Thursday, May 10, 2012

The Donner Party ~ The Unspeakable Truth


Photo Credit: http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/WWdonnerP.htm
     In June of 1846, the infamous Donner Party left the safety of the eastern towns and struck out onto the Oregon Trail to head west. George Donner was the trail leader as he traveled with his wife, Tamsen Donner and their train. They traveled well with an easy way across the prairie and into the mountains. Stories and pamphlets flew across the lands telling of shortcuts, better trails, and oasis destinations. George had a trail guide telling of the Hasting’s Cutoff; a trail that was supposed to be well traveled, flat, with plenty of water and cut off over one hundred miles of dangerous Sierra-Nevada terrain. Taking a small group from the main one, George took off up this new trail.

     The trail was not what it was advertised to be. Rocky, steep terrain met the splintered party. Only thirty miles from the California plains the group was low on supplies, they had no choice but to push onward. An axel on one of the wagons broke enticing the group to break for the night. As they slept, over five feet of snow fell around them, drifting into mountains of snow sixty feet deep. The group was stranded.

     During the first three weeks the travelers ate all of their stores and then went without food. In desperation, they butchered the pack animals that had not gotten lost in the storm. The snow continued to fall, adding to the snow pack and walling them in even deeper. When the animals were gone, bones, dirt, leaves and twigs became food. After those resources were reduced to nothing, whispers of cannibalism circled on the wind. In December the first human was consumed. Steps were taken to prevent survivors from eating their kin; meat and other products were labeled well.


Photo Credit: http://www.atsolutions.info/oregon.asp
     Survivors were stranded for five months alone in the wilderness with very few supplies and even less food. The party was rescued in two tiers; the weather was so bad that it was impossible to bring everyone out at once. Unfortunately by the time second rescue party was able to find the last of the survivors there was only one man left, surrounded by entrails and a pot of blood on the fire.
John Sinclair, host to the rescue party stated “Yes, stern necessity, and that love of life which even sufferings the most intense cannot vanquish, compelled them to devour their dead.”[1]






     George Donner was found dead but his wife was never located. What happened to the Donner party was an unfortunate effect of the impossible need to move west. The need for shortcuts and the desire for better trails led many off to their deaths and the Donner party was no exception. It is easy to look back from our comfortable, warm, fully stocked houses and damn the survivors. To rage that the price for life was too high, to demand that there be retribution for breaking one of humankind’s most controversial taboos. Wait before making such sweeping accusations. Imagine sixty feet of snow. Imagine your child looking to you for something to eat, knowing that she will die if she doesn’t get something, anything, soon. In that position it is not such an easy answer.[2]



[1] Will Bagley, So Rugged and Mountainous, Overland West (Norman:
University of Oklahoma Press, 2010), 1: 319-324.
[2] America: The Story of US, "Westward," History Channel, September 3, 2011.

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